第1段
A 板块|双巨头交付太慢,小飞机等来窗口
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A 板块|双巨头交付太慢,小飞机等来窗口
今天先带着问题读原文,再进入段落精读工作台,最后用自测、翻译和仿写确认自己真正掌握了什么。
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今晚先把文章分成两张账。A板块算“为什么现在轮到Embraer”:需求上涨、对手积压、交付更快。B板块算“为什么机会不等于容易”:庞巴迪的失败、百亿美元研发费、合作伙伴缺口。读到Yet和But时停一下,作者正把乐观情绪往回收。
A 板块|双巨头交付太慢,小飞机等来窗口
The Brazilian company is a fraction of the size of Airbus and Boeing. But it has had a remarkable few years. Demand is soaring not only for its smaller passenger planes, but also for the private and military jets it offers. In 2021 the company delivered a total of 141 planes. This year it might reach 255. On July 24th the company reported that its order backlog had reached a record $34.5bn. Francisco Gomes Neto, Embraer's boss, sees an opportunity for “substantial growth” ahead. Investors agree. Since the start of 2021 its share price has risen roughly ten-fold, far outpacing those of Airbus or Boeing (see chart). Some now speculate that Embraer may take a tilt at the market for larger jets, going nose-to-nose with the aerospace industry's twin giants.
Embraer is benefiting from a number of tailwinds. Airlines these days must wait eight to ten years for a large narrow-body plane from Airbus or Boeing, which have a combined order backlog of 16,000 passenger jets thanks to rising demand for air travel and long-running supply-chain snags dating back to the covid-19 pandemic. That has led to a surge in demand for the smaller E2, which can be delivered in less than two years.
B 板块|机会难得,赌注也高得惊人
Breaking the duopoly's grip would be a huge undertaking. Bombardier's attempt nearly bankrupted it and ended in a forced sale of the programme for a nominal sum to Airbus in 2018 (where it became the A220). Guillaume Faury, Airbus's boss, has warned Embraer to “think twice”. Yet the rewards of taking even a small share of a market that Boeing puts at 36,000 jets over the next two decades would also be far greater than for a new private jet. Ron Epstein of Bank of America says it would take Embraer to the “next level”.
Embraer may never again have such an opportunity to put its experience in manufacturing and marketing commercial jets to work. Mr Gomes Neto points out that over 20 years or so it has certified almost 20 new aircraft—an impressive performance. The firm's reputation means that prospective customers would take it seriously. But it would need to find partners to stump up some of the $10bn or so that the new plane would cost to develop, says Alberto Valerio of UBS, a bank, including perhaps an engine-maker and other suppliers, as well as customers and outside investors.
请先自己翻译下面这句话。不要急着追求漂亮,先把主干、修饰关系和语境逻辑译清楚。
下一步:等 8:00 解锁后,再看讲义、完成训练和打卡。现在不用提前做这里。
请先完成 21:00 预习包:英文原文、预习题和长难句挑战。
精读讲义将在第二天早上 08:00 自动解锁。解锁后可查看原文标亮版、词汇注释、长难句解析和老师带读。
每段原文下面直接展开译文、词汇和长难句。
航空制造看的是十年尺度。一款飞机要研发、认证、量产,客户下单后还可能等上多年。空客和波音的16,000架积压订单,因此既是市场支配力的证明,也给交付更快的Embraer留出了缺口。A板块先把这阵顺风写足:交付量可能从2021年的141架升至255架,股价约涨十倍,E2不到两年便可交付。B板块随即算成本。庞巴迪曾走过同一条路,结局是险些破产;Embraer若造更大的商用客机,也要为约100亿美元研发费寻找共同出资者。窗口真实存在,下注却可能改写整家公司的命运。
A 板块|双巨头交付太慢,小飞机等来窗口
A 板块|双巨头交付太慢,小飞机等来窗口
The Brazilian company is a fraction of the size of Airbus and Boeing. But it has had a remarkable few years. Demand is soaring not only for its smaller passenger planes, but also for the private and military jets it offers. In 2021 the company delivered a total of 141 planes. This year it might reach 255. On July 24th the company reported that its order backlog had reached a record $34.5bn. Francisco Gomes Neto, Embraer's boss, sees an opportunity for “substantial growth” ahead. Investors agree. Since the start of 2021 its share price has risen roughly ten-fold, far outpacing those of Airbus or Boeing (see chart). Some now speculate that Embraer may take a tilt at the market for larger jets, going nose-to-nose with the aerospace industry's twin giants.
这家巴西公司的体量仅是空客和波音的一个零头,但近年来却表现亮眼。其小型客机的需求持续攀升,旗下私人飞机和军用飞机的订单同样火爆。2021年,公司全年共交付141架飞机,而今年的交付量可能达到255架。7月24日,公司公布订单积压总额已创历史新高,达到345亿美元。巴西航空工业公司首席执行官弗朗西斯科·戈麦斯·内托认为,公司前景广阔,看到了实现“大幅增长”的机会。投资者对此同样信心十足:自2021年初以来,公司股价已累计上涨约十倍,远超空客和波音的涨幅(见图表)。如今,部分业内人士开始猜测,巴西航空工业公司或将进军大型喷气机市场,与航空航天业的两大巨头正面交锋。
a fraction of the size体量仅为……的一小部分。
✨ 拓展/考点:a fraction of常用于规模、成本或时间比较,重点是“少很多”,不一定提供可计算的精确比例。正式翻译时可处理成“只有……一个零头”。
order backlog未交付订单;在手订单。
✨ 拓展/考点:backlog指已经积压、尚未处理的工作或订单。订单多未必全是好消息:它既证明需求旺,也可能暴露产能和供应链受限。
take a tilt at向……发起挑战。
✨ 拓展/考点:tilt原指骑士持矛冲刺比武。本文用它写一家较小企业主动冲击强敌,语气比enter the market更有进攻性。
nose-to-nose正面交锋。
✨ 拓展/考点:本义是“鼻子对鼻子”。用于航空报道时,nose又可指机头,作者借行业词义添了一层画面感。
Embraer is benefiting from a number of tailwinds. Airlines these days must wait eight to ten years for a large narrow-body plane from Airbus or Boeing, which have a combined order backlog of 16,000 passenger jets thanks to rising demand for air travel and long-running supply-chain snags dating back to the covid-19 pandemic. That has led to a surge in demand for the smaller E2, which can be delivered in less than two years.
巴西航空工业公司正乘着多重利好东风扶摇直上。如今,航空公司若想从空客或波音订购一架大型窄体客机,往往需要等待八到十年。受航空出行需求持续攀升以及新冠疫情遗留的供应链困境影响,这两大巨头的未交付订单已累计高达16,000架。正是在这一背景下,交付周期不足两年的小型E2客机迎来了需求的井喷式增长。
supply-chain snag供应链梗阻。
✨ 拓展/考点:snag比普通的problem更具体,像某个环节突然被钩住。常见搭配还有hit a snag,表示事情遇到意外阻碍。
原句再现 Airlines these days must wait eight to ten years for a large narrow-body plane from Airbus or Boeing, which have a combined order backlog of 16,000 passenger jets thanks to rising demand for air travel and long-running supply-chain snags dating back to the covid-19 pandemic.
结构拆解 主干是Airlines must wait eight to ten years for a plane。逗号后的which回指Airbus和Boeing,说明两家公司合计积压16,000架订单。thanks to后并列两个原因:航空需求上涨,以及长期供应链梗阻。dating back to...只后置修饰第二个原因。
翻译点拨 中文先把等待时间单独落下,再另起一句交代积压规模和原因。若一路按英文顺序拖到底,读者会在“飞机—公司—订单—原因—疫情”之间来回找关系。
推荐译法 如今,航空公司若想从空客或波音订购一架大型窄体客机,往往需要等待八到十年。受航空出行需求持续攀升以及新冠疫情遗留的供应链困境影响,这两大巨头的未交付订单已累计高达16,000架。
B 板块|机会难得,赌注也高得惊人
B 板块|机会难得,赌注也高得惊人
Breaking the duopoly's grip would be a huge undertaking. Bombardier's attempt nearly bankrupted it and ended in a forced sale of the programme for a nominal sum to Airbus in 2018 (where it became the A220). Guillaume Faury, Airbus's boss, has warned Embraer to “think twice”. Yet the rewards of taking even a small share of a market that Boeing puts at 36,000 jets over the next two decades would also be far greater than for a new private jet. Ron Epstein of Bank of America says it would take Embraer to the “next level”.
打破双头垄断绝非易事。庞巴迪曾尝试挑战这一格局,却几乎因此走向破产,最终于2018年被迫以象征性价格将相关项目出售给空客(该项目后更名为A220)。空客首席执行官纪尧姆·福里也曾警告巴西航空工业公司要“三思而后行”。然而,波音预测未来二十年全球市场对喷气式客机的需求将达36,000架,若能从中分得哪怕一小杯羹,其收益也将远超开发一款新型私人飞机所带来的回报。美国银行分析师罗恩·爱普斯坦认为,这将推动巴西航空工业公司跃升至“全新高度”。
break the duopoly's grip打破双头垄断的控制。
✨ 拓展/考点:duopoly是由两家企业主导的市场;grip把抽象的市场份额写成“牢牢攥住”。读到这类隐喻时,中文要保留控制力度。
nominal sum象征性价格。
✨ 拓展/考点:nominal在这里不是“名义上的职位”,而是金额低到主要用于完成法律形式。译成“象征性价格”最自然。
Embraer may never again have such an opportunity to put its experience...to work. Mr Gomes Neto points out that over 20 years or so it has certified almost 20 new aircraft—an impressive performance. The firm's reputation means that prospective customers would take it seriously. But it would need to find partners to stump up some of the $10bn or so that the new plane would cost to develop, says Alberto Valerio of UBS, a bank, including perhaps an engine-maker and other suppliers, as well as customers and outside investors.
巴西航空工业公司或许再难遇到如此良机,将其在商用飞机制造与销售领域积累的丰富经验充分发挥。戈麦斯·内托指出,公司在约20年间已完成近20款新机型的适航认证,成绩斐然。凭借其业界声誉,潜在客户会认真对待它的方案。然而,瑞银分析师阿尔贝托·瓦莱里奥表示,公司若要推进这一计划,需要寻求合作伙伴共同筹集约100亿美元的新机研发资金,合作方可能涵盖发动机制造商、其他零部件供应商,以及航空公司客户和外部投资者。
stump up掏出;筹措。
✨ 拓展/考点:这是带口语色彩的英式表达,常暗示一笔钱数额不小、出资者未必轻松。本文的100亿美元正好带出这种压力。
原句再现 But it would need to find partners to stump up some of the $10bn or so that the new plane would cost to develop, says Alberto Valerio of UBS, a bank, including perhaps an engine-maker and other suppliers, as well as customers and outside investors.
结构拆解 主干是it would need to find partners。不定式to stump up...说明合作伙伴要做什么;that the new plane would cost to develop修饰约100亿美元的研发费。says Alberto Valerio...是插到后面的引述语,句末including...再列出可能的合作方,内部由and及as well as组织成多组名单。
翻译点拨 先把消息来源“瑞银分析师表示”提到句首,再说找伙伴、筹资金,最后列合作方。英文允许引述语和名单挂在句尾,中文若照搬,会让“谁说的”和“谁出钱”混在一起。
推荐译法 然而,瑞银分析师阿尔贝托·瓦莱里奥表示,公司若要推进这一计划,需要寻求合作伙伴共同筹集约100亿美元的新机研发资金,合作方可能涵盖发动机制造商、其他零部件供应商,以及航空公司客户和外部投资者。
tailwind顺风;有利条件。
✨ 拓展/考点:商业报道常把推动增长的因素称作tailwind,把拖累称作headwind。它适合概括一组方向相同的外部力量。
put experience to work把经验真正用起来。
✨ 拓展/考点:put A to work表示让A投入实际用途。A可以是经验、资金、技术或数据,比笼统的use更强调转化为行动。
第1段用体量反差打开这扇机会窗口——Embraer远小于两大巨头,订单、交付和股价却同时走强。might reach 255还只是预测,record backlog和十倍股价却已经说明,市场在提前为这份增长定价了。
市场愿意提前买账,总得有个理由。第2段解释顺风从哪来:空客和波音积压了16,000架订单,客户要等八到十年;E2却不到两年就能交付。tailwinds后面跟着实打实的供需和交付数据,这才不只是一句空话。
顺风是真的,但风口从来伴着悬崖。第3段把诱惑和警告摆在一起:庞巴迪几近破产、被迫出售项目,证明挑战双寡头可能连自己都搭进去;可未来36,000架的市场规模又说明,哪怕只拿到一小块,回报也相当可观。
第4段再回来检查Embraer手里到底有什么、还缺什么——20年认证经验、近20款新机、既有声誉,这些能让客户认真对待它;但约100亿美元的研发成本,又要求它去拉发动机厂、供应商、客户和投资者一起下注。窗口为何出现、机会能有多大、失败代价多重、资金和伙伴从哪里来——这份决策表已经列得很完整,管理层要做的决定,交给你自己来看。
X is benefiting from a number of tailwinds.(X正受益于多重利好。)
这个句式适合概括一家公司、行业或市场为什么顺势上行。写完后别停在tailwinds,继续给出两三项具体力量,句子才有分析含量。
训练区会在 8:00 精读讲义解锁后开放。请先完成预习,第二天看完讲义后再进入试译、参考译文和自测练习。
这里不是重复做题,而是把刚学过的词义、结构和译法真正用出来。
先自测,再翻译、仿写,最后保存今日打卡。
自测原文
A 板块|双巨头交付太慢,小飞机等来窗口
The Brazilian company is a fraction of the size of Airbus and Boeing. But it has had a remarkable few years. Demand is soaring not only for its smaller passenger planes, but also for the private and military jets it offers. In 2021 the company delivered a total of 141 planes. This year it might reach 255. On July 24th the company reported that its order backlog had reached a record $34.5bn. Francisco Gomes Neto, Embraer's boss, sees an opportunity for “substantial growth” ahead. Investors agree. Since the start of 2021 its share price has risen roughly ten-fold, far outpacing those of Airbus or Boeing (see chart). Some now speculate that Embraer may take a tilt at the market for larger jets, going nose-to-nose with the aerospace industry's twin giants.
Embraer is benefiting from a number of tailwinds. Airlines these days must wait eight to ten years for a large narrow-body plane from Airbus or Boeing, which have a combined order backlog of 16,000 passenger jets thanks to rising demand for air travel and long-running supply-chain snags dating back to the covid-19 pandemic. That has led to a surge in demand for the smaller E2, which can be delivered in less than two years.
B 板块|机会难得,赌注也高得惊人
Breaking the duopoly's grip would be a huge undertaking. Bombardier's attempt nearly bankrupted it and ended in a forced sale of the programme for a nominal sum to Airbus in 2018 (where it became the A220). Guillaume Faury, Airbus's boss, has warned Embraer to “think twice”. Yet the rewards of taking even a small share of a market that Boeing puts at 36,000 jets over the next two decades would also be far greater than for a new private jet. Ron Epstein of Bank of America says it would take Embraer to the “next level”.
Embraer may never again have such an opportunity to put its experience in manufacturing and marketing commercial jets to work. Mr Gomes Neto points out that over 20 years or so it has certified almost 20 new aircraft—an impressive performance. The firm's reputation means that prospective customers would take it seriously. But it would need to find partners to stump up some of the $10bn or so that the new plane would cost to develop, says Alberto Valerio of UBS, a bank, including perhaps an engine-maker and other suppliers, as well as customers and outside investors.
tailwinds,核心包括什么?请翻译: Yet the rewards of taking even a small share of a market that Boeing puts at 36,000 jets over the next two decades would also be far greater than for a new private jet.
✍️ 下笔提示: 先抓主干the rewards would be far greater,再补中间的市场份额和36,000架预测;句末比较省略了重复的rewards,中文要补出来。
模仿X is benefiting from a number of tailwinds.,写一句说明某个行业为何正处在有利阶段,并在下一句列出至少两项具体因素。
✍️ 下笔提示: 保留is benefiting from a number of tailwinds这个判断框架;X写公司或行业,后一句再回答“顺风具体从哪里来”。
下一步:晚上回来这里看共性问题、典型误区和老师补充。现在可以先提交今天最卡的问题。
翻译门诊会根据当天学员提交到答疑池的问题,筛选高频疑问、典型误区和老师补充提醒。
你可以先完成学习任务,并提交问题到答疑池。
20:30 翻译门诊不是重复上午讲义,而是根据学员提交的问题,补充讲解高频疑问、典型误区和老师提醒。
今晚重点看三处。
第一,might reach 255只能译成“可能达到255架”。reach是抵达这个数,might又保留不确定性;“有望突破255架”同时改动了数值边界和语气力度。
第二,16,000架积压订单具有两面性。对空客和波音,它证明需求强劲;对客户,它意味着等得太久;对Embraer,它则成了交付速度上的机会。同一个数字放在不同主体面前,含义会变。
第三,文章没有把“大市场”直接等同于“值得进入”。庞巴迪的失败、100亿美元研发费和外部合作伙伴需求,都在提醒我们:市场上限回答能赚多少,进入门槛回答能不能活着赚到。两张账必须一起算。
新版框架:30天打卡|20天正课|4周完成。老师端重点放在:内容状态、发布物料、答疑取舍、校对清单和学员问题整理。
今晚 Day06 预习包已更新。先不要看译文,完成三件事:读原文、做预习题、试译长难句。明早讲义会先给标亮版、词汇注释和长难句解析,最后再放参考译文。
Day06 午间提醒:今天重点看三个地方:关键词怎么用、句子逻辑怎么转、长难句怎么拆。先自己判断,再回到讲义里对照。